english

Tense	Active voice	Passive voice
Present indefinite                    ( Rk] rh] rs )	Does / Do	Is / Am / Are
Present  continuous (jgk gs]  jgh g]s jgs gsa)	Is / Am  /Are	Is / Am / Are +being
Present perfect (Pkqdk gSssssss pqdh gS ] pqds gsa)	Has / Have	Has Been/ Have Been
Past  indefinite  (vk;k] x;k] lks;k] jks;k)	Did	Was /  Were
Past  continuous (jgk Fkk] jgh Fkh] jgs Fkas)	Was / Were	Was / Were +being
Past  perfect ( pqdk Fkk] pqdh Fkh] pqds Fksa )	Had	Had Been
Future indefinite (Xkk] xh] xs )	Will	Wiil Be
Future perfect                               (Pkqdk gksxk ] pqdh gksxh)	Wiil Have	Will Have Been

Formation		Sentence type
present	Is / am / are + to	djuk gS
	Has /Have + to	djuk gS ] djuk iM+rk gS (compulsion)
past	Was / Were + to	djuk Fkk
	Had + to	djuk Fk ] djuk iM+rk Fkk ] djuk iM+k (compulsion)
future	Will be +  to	djuk gksxk ] djuk iMss+xk
	Will have + to	djuk gksxk ] djuk iMssxk (compulsion)
“Having to”     fdlh fdj;k dks djuk iM+++ jgk gSA
present	Is/are/am + having to	djuk iM+ jgk gS
past	Was / were + having to	djuk iM+ jgk Fkk
future	Will be + having to	djuk iM+ jgk gksxk